HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus)
What Is It?
A chronic viral infection that destroys CD4+ T cells, leading to AIDS if untreated. With modern antiretroviral therapy (ART), HIV-positive patients have near-normal life expectancy.
How Is It Diagnosed?
4th-generation HIV antigen/antibody combination test. Positive confirmatory with Western blot or RNA PCR. CD4 count and HIV viral load for staging and monitoring.
How Is It Treated?
ART for all HIV-positive patients regardless of CD4. Single-pill regimens (bictegravir/TAF/FTC - Biktarvy; dolutegravir/abacavir/3TC) preferred. Goal: undetectable viral load. PrEP for HIV prevention.
Tests and Imaging Typically Needed
HIV Ag/Ab, HIV RNA (viral load), CD4 count, resistance testing, HBV/HCV, CBC, BMP, lipid panel, STI screening, TB test.
Approximate Self-Pay Costs
Office visit: $95-$150. HIV testing: $30-$80. ART: manufacturer assistance programs available (ADAP). ID/HIV specialist co-management.